Brands

<h2 data-section-id="17lohz5" data-start="0" data-end="48">What Are Externally Threaded Cryogenic Vials?</h2>
&nbsp;
Externally threaded cryogenic vials have the screw thread on the outside of the vial neck, with a cap that covers the entire top portion of the vial when closed. Manufactured from cryogenic-grade virgin polypropylene, these vials are designed to withstand temperatures from &minus;196&deg;C to +121&deg;C and are commonly used for long-term storage of cell lines, serum, blood, DNA, RNA, bacterial cultures, and other biological samples. Available in volumes ranging from 1.2 mL to 5 mL, they are offered in both self-standing and round-bottom formats. Unlike internally threaded vials, external-thread designs use an integrated sealing system rather than a separate O-ring, helping reduce handling issues. For automated decapping systems, high-throughput biobanking, and SBS-format robotic workflows, externally threaded vials are the preferred format.
&nbsp;
<h2 dir="ltr">MBP Offers:</h2>
&nbsp;
<ul>
<li dir="ltr" aria-level="1">
2D Barcoded Cryogenic Vials for automated tracking
</li>
<li dir="ltr" aria-level="1">
SBS Format Cryo Racks for robotic integration
</li>
<li dir="ltr" aria-level="1">
3D Barcoded Storage Vials for digital inventory
</li>
<li dir="ltr" aria-level="1">
Color-coded Cap Inserts for rapid identification
</li>
<li dir="ltr" aria-level="1">
Self-standing Star-foot Cryo Vials
</li>
<li dir="ltr" aria-level="1">
Silicone O-ring Sealed Leak-proof Containers
</li>
<li dir="ltr" aria-level="1">
Gamma-sterilized Aseptic Storage Tubes
</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
<h2 data-section-id="px7lzo" data-start="891" data-end="943">How to Choose Externally Threaded Cryogenic Vials</h2>
&nbsp;
Volume
The 2 mL externally threaded vial is the industry standard for cell banking, serum aliquots, and general biospecimen storage. It fits standard 81-well cryo boxes and is suitable for most laboratory applications. Smaller 1.2&ndash;1.5 mL vials are ideal for high-density storage where space efficiency is important, while larger 3&ndash;5 mL formats are commonly used for tissue samples, bacterial glycerol stocks, and larger-volume specimens.
Base Style: Self-Standing vs. Round Bottom
Self-standing vials feature a star-foot or conical base that allows them to stand upright on laboratory benches without requiring a rack, reducing the risk of spills during handling. Round-bottom vials require rack support but often offer broader compatibility with different storage racks and cryo box configurations.
Barcoding: Plain vs. 2D Barcoded
Standard externally threaded vials include a writable surface for manual labeling and are suitable for small to medium-sized sample collections. For large biobanks and automated sample management systems, 2D barcoded vials provide Data Matrix codes that can be scanned directly into Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS), improving traceability and reducing manual data entry errors.
Sterility and Purity
Cryogenic vials intended for cell culture, molecular biology, and clinical research should be gamma sterilized and certified RNase-free, DNase-free, non-pyrogenic, and endotoxin-free. These certifications help protect sample integrity and reduce contamination risks during long-term storage.
&nbsp;
<h2 data-section-id="1jl751w" data-start="3061" data-end="3086">Specifications Context</h2>
&nbsp;
Externally threaded polypropylene cryogenic vials are designed for vapor-phase liquid nitrogen storage and ultra-low temperature freezers. The standard outer diameter of a 2 mL vial is approximately 12.5 mm, making it compatible with most 81-well cryo box formats. Modern external-thread designs use integrated thermoplastic elastomer sealing systems that eliminate the need for separate O-rings, reducing the possibility of seal misalignment or loss during routine handling. As of 2026, externally threaded 2 mL vials with SBS-compatible footprints and 2D barcodes are widely used in large-scale biobanking and sample repository applications.
Your research is priceless. Your storage should be equally reliable. <a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us" style="color: #236fa1; text-decoration: underline;">Connect with Molecular Biology Products Inc.</a> for a personalized quote.

Externally Threaded Cryogenic Vials

Non-Barcoded CryoKING 5ml Cryogenic vials, External threaded sample tubes

CryoKING 5ml Non-Barcoded External Thread Cryovials (88-3500S/88-3501S/88-3502S/88-3503S/88-3505S) by Biologix Group Limited are medical-grade PP cryovials with writing patch and volume graduations. Radiation sterilized; DNase/RNase/endotoxin/foreign-DNA-free; −196 °C to 121 °C. Five cap colors. 1,000/case. For biobank and bulk specimen cryogenic storage.

Brand

Model

Material

CRYOKING 5.0ML CLEAR POLYPROPYLENE STERILE CRYOVIALS WITH EXTERNAL THREAD AND WHITE CAPS ASSEMBLED.  CRYOVIALS HAVE WRITING PATCH AND MARKED GRADUATIONS.  25 CRYOVIALS/BAG, 20 BAGS/PACK, 2 PACKS/CASE, PRICE/CASE

CRYOKING 5.0ML CLEAR POLYPROPYLENE STERILE CRYOVIALS WITH EXTERNAL THREAD AND RED CAPS ASSEMBLED.  CRYOVIALS HAVE WRITING PATCH AND MARKED GRADUATIONS.  25 CRYOVIALS/BAG, 20 BAGS/PACK, 2 PACKS/CASE, PRICE/CASE

CRYOKING 5.0ML CLEAR POLYPROPYLENE STERILE CRYOVIALS WITH EXTERNAL THREAD AND GREEN CAPS ASSEMBLED.  CRYOVIALS HAVE WRITING PATCH AND MARKED GRADUATIONS.  25 CRYOVIALS/BAG, 20 BAGS/PACK, 2 PACKS/CASE, PRICE/CASE

CRYOKING 5.0ML CLEAR POLYPROPYLENE STERILE CRYOVIALS WITH EXTERNAL THREAD AND BLUE CAPS ASSEMBLED.  CRYOVIALS HAVE WRITING PATCH AND MARKED GRADUATIONS. 25 CRYOVIALS/BAG, 20 BAGS/PACK, 2 PACKS/CASE, PRICE/CASE

CRYOKING 5.0ML CLEAR POLYPROPYLENE STERILE CRYOVIALS WITH EXTERNAL THREAD AND PUERPLE CAPS ASSEMBLED.  CRYOVIALS HAVE WRITING PATCH AND MARKED GRADUATIONS. 25 CRYOVIALS/BAG, 20 BAGS/PACK, 2 PACKS/CASE, PRICE/CASE

Non-Barcoded CryoKING Cryogenic vials, External Threaded

CryoKING non-barcoded cryovials (88-0051 series) by Biologix Group: medical-grade PP, O-ring free external thread, gamma sterile, DNase/RNase-free, -196°C to +121°C. Three volumes (0.5mL, 1.0mL, 1.5mL), 6 cap colors, writing area + graduations. 25/bag, 1,000/case.

Cryoking 0.5ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and red caps assembled.  cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations. 25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case, price/case

cryoking 0.5ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and green caps assembled.  cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations.  25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case, price/case

cryoking 0.5ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and blue caps assembled.  cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations.   25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case, price/case

0.5ml vial, yellow cap , no barcode, pp, no o-ring;rnase & dnase free, foreign dna free, non-pyogenic, sterile,working temperature: -196--+121degree,25 pieces/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case

cryoking 0.5ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and purple caps assembled.  cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations. 25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case, price/case

cryoking 0.5ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and white caps assembled. cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations. 25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case, price/case

cryoking 1.0ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and red caps assembled.  cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations.  25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case

Cryoking 1.0ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and green caps assembled.  cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations.25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case

Cryoking 1.0ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and blue caps assembled.  cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations.  25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case

Cryoking 1.5ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and red caps assembled.  cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations.   25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case

Cryoking 1.5ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and green caps assembled.  cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations. 25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case

Cryoking 1.5ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and blue caps assembled.  cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations.   25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case

Cryoking 1.5ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and yellow caps assembled.  cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations.  25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case

Cryoking 1.5ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and purple caps assembled.  cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations.  25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case

Cryoking 1.5ml clear polypropylene sterile cryovials with external thread and white caps assembled.  cryovials have writing patch and marked graduations.  25 cryovials/bag, 20 bags/pack, 2 packs/case

Cryoking 5ml cryogenic vials,  external thread, no barcode, self-standing,pp; autoclavable;red caps; gamma radiation steriled, dnase & rnase free, endotoxin free, foreign dna free, 25 sets/bag, 40 bags/case

Cryoking 5ml cryogenic vials,  external thread, no barcode, self-standing,pp; autoclavable;blue caps; gamma radiation steriled, dnase & rnase free, endotoxin free, foreign dna free, 25 sets/bag, 40 bags/case

Cryoking 5ml cryogenic vials,  external thread, no barcode, self-standing,pp; autoclavable;white caps; gamma radiation steriled, dnase & rnase free, endotoxin free, foreign dna free, 25 sets/bag, 40 bags/case

Cryoking 2ml cryogenic vials,  external threads , no barcode, self-standing,pp; autoclavable;red caps; gamma radiation steriled, dnase & rnase free, endotoxin free, foreign dna free, 25 sets/bag, 40 bags/case

Cryoking 2ml cryogenic vials,  external threads , no barcode, self-standing,pp; autoclavable;green caps; gamma radiation steriled, dnase & rnase free, endotoxin free, foreign dna free, 25 sets/bag, 40 bags/case

Cryoking 2ml cryogenic vials,  external threads , no barcode, self-standing,pp; autoclavable;white caps; gamma radiation steriled, dnase & rnase free, endotoxin free, foreign dna free, 25 sets/bag, 40 bags/case

<h2>What are L-glutamine and amino acid supplements?</h2>
&nbsp;
L-glutamine and amino acid supplements are cell culture additives used to support cellular metabolism, growth, viability, and biosynthesis. They provide nutrients that may become depleted during culture or are required in greater quantities than those supplied by basal media alone. These supplements are commonly added to media such as DMEM, RPMI 1640, MEM, and DMEM/F-12 to optimize cell growth and maintain healthy cultures.
L-glutamine is one of the most important supplements in mammalian cell culture because it serves as a major energy source and is required for protein synthesis, nucleotide production, and glutathione synthesis. However, because free L-glutamine is unstable in solution and gradually breaks down into ammonia and pyroglutamate, many laboratories use stabilized alternatives such as GlutaMAX (L-alanyl-L-glutamine) for extended culture applications.
&nbsp;
<h2>What you will find:</h2>
&nbsp;
<ul>
<li>L-Glutamine stable formulations for sourcing of essential nitrogen</li>
<li>Non-Essential Amino Acids (NEAA) for growth media enhancement</li>
<li>Synthetic Polymer Coatings Poly-L-Ornithine and Poly-L-Lysine solutions for better cell attachment.</li>
<li>Extracellular Matrix Proteins used for cell adhesion and include high-purity Fibronectin and Vitronectin coating reagents</li>
<li>Adhesion Promotion Reagents for improving the surface properties of culture vessels.</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
<h2>How to choose L-glutamine and amino acid supplements</h2>
&nbsp;
L-glutamine concentration and format
Most mammalian cell culture systems use L-glutamine concentrations between 2&ndash;6 mM, although requirements vary depending on the medium and cell type. It is commonly supplied as:
<ul>
<li>USP-grade powder for custom media preparation</li>
<li>200 mM liquid stock solutions for direct supplementation</li>
</ul>
Liquid stocks should be aliquoted and stored frozen to minimize repeated freeze-thaw cycles and preserve stability.
Understanding glutamine degradation
Free L-glutamine gradually breaks down in aqueous solution through a non-enzymatic process that produces ammonia and pyroglutamate. This degradation accelerates with increasing temperature, storage time, and exposure to common cell culture buffer systems.
Ammonia accumulation can negatively affect cell growth, viability, productivity, and experimental reproducibility, particularly during long culture periods without media replacement.
GlutaMAX and stable glutamine alternatives
GlutaMAX (L-alanyl-L-glutamine) is a stabilized dipeptide form of glutamine designed to resist degradation in culture media. Once taken up by cells, it is converted into usable glutamine while maintaining greater stability during incubation.
<ul>
<li>Reduced ammonia accumulation</li>
<li>Improved media stability</li>
<li>Better performance in long-term cultures</li>
<li>Less frequent media replacement requirements</li>
</ul>
For most applications, GlutaMAX can directly replace standard L-glutamine without protocol modifications.
MEM non-essential amino acids (NEAA)
NEAA supplements provide amino acids that cells can synthesize themselves but may benefit from receiving directly from the culture medium. Supplementation reduces the metabolic burden of amino acid production and often improves growth rates and cell viability.
NEAA solutions are typically supplied as 100X concentrates and diluted to 1X working concentration.
HT supplement
HT supplement contains hypoxanthine and thymidine and is commonly used following HAT selection during hybridoma production. It supports nucleotide synthesis through salvage pathways while cells recover from selection pressure.
MEM vitamin solution
Vitamin supplements provide additional growth-supporting micronutrients that may become limiting during prolonged culture or in demanding applications. These supplements are often used alongside amino acid supplementation to enhance culture performance.
&nbsp;
<h2>Specifications context</h2>
&nbsp;
The standard L-glutamine concentration used in many mammalian culture systems is approximately 2 mM, though actual requirements vary by medium formulation and cell type. Free L-glutamine remains stable as a dry powder and frozen stock solution but degrades progressively once added to liquid media.
Stabilized glutamine products such as GlutaMAX have become increasingly common because they maintain glutamine availability while minimizing ammonia accumulation during incubation. These formulations are particularly valuable in long-duration experiments and high-density culture systems.
<a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">Contact the expert team</a> at MBP today to get research-grade supplements for your lab.

L-Glutamine & Amino Acids

Non-Essential Amino Acids (100X)

Non-Essential Amino Acids (100X) TM068 (ABM) — 100 ml sterile 100× NEAA solution. Dilute 1:100 in culture medium for 1× working concentration. Reduces metabolic burden in mammalian cell culture, serum-free media, and iPSC/ESC applications. Sterility tested, QC validated. Store 2–8 °C, protect from light. RUO.

Unit Quantity

Sterility

Appearance

Storage Condition

Caution

Disclaimer

Shipping Condition

PCR Plates

<h2 data-path-to-node="3">What Are PCR Plates?</h2>
 PCR plates are single-use, thin-wall polypropylene multi-well vessels designed for the thermal cycling demands of PCR, qPCR, RT-PCR, and genotyping. The 96-well format (12 columns &times; 8 rows) is the standard for most research and clinical labs; 384-well plates serve ultra-high-throughput applications. Well volumes are 0.2 mL (standard profile) for conventional block cyclers or 0.1 mL (low profile) for fast-block instruments. The skirt &mdash; the rigid plastic border surrounding the well array &mdash; determines automation compatibility, cycler lid clearance, and plate rigidity.&nbsp;
&nbsp;
<h2 dir="ltr">What you will find:</h2>
&nbsp;
<ul>
<li data-section-id="1xmdc3x" data-start="0" data-end="87"><a href="https://mbpinc.net/consumables/pcr-consumables/pcr-plates/semi-skirted-plates">Semi-skirted PCR plates: </a>for a balance of plate rigidity and instrument compatibility.</li>
<li data-section-id="y5pq2h" data-start="89" data-end="156"><a href="https://mbpinc.net/consumables/pcr-consumables/pcr-plates/hard-shell-pcr-plates">Hard shell PCR plates: </a>designed with a reinforced plate structure.</li>
<li data-section-id="8t808z" data-start="158" data-end="243"><a href="https://mbpinc.net/consumables/pcr-consumables/pcr-plates/skirted-pcr-plates">Skirted PCR plates:</a> featuring a full peripheral skirt for enhanced handling support.</li>
<li data-section-id="1d0aj4c" data-start="245" data-end="343" data-is-last-node=""><a href="https://mbpinc.net/consumables/pcr-consumables/pcr-plates/non-skirted-pcr-plates">Non-skirted PCR plates:</a> with a compact design for applications requiring minimal plate footprint.</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
<h2 data-path-to-node="3">How to Choose PCR Plates</h2>
 Skirt Format Fully-skirted plates have a full-height ANSI/SBS-compliant border (127.76 &times; 85.47 mm footprint) and are required for robotic liquid handlers (Hamilton STAR, Tecan EVO, PerkinElmer JANUS) and automated stackers. Semi-skirted plates have a partial skirt providing enough rigidity for multichannel pipetting while maintaining thermal cycler block compatibility across a wider range of instruments. Non-skirted plates have no border and fit virtually any cycler block, including instruments whose compression lids would be obstructed by a full skirt. Well Profile: Standard vs Low-Profile Standard-profile 0.2 mL wells are used with conventional (tall) block cyclers. Low-profile 0.1 mL wells are required for fast-block instruments, including the Applied Biosystems QuantStudio, Bio-Rad CFX96 Fast, and Roche LightCycler 480, where the reduced well depth shortens the thermal path to the sample. Colour: Clear, White, or Black Clear plates allow visual inspection of well volumes and are the default for end-point PCR. White plates increase qPCR sensitivity in bottom-read optical systems by reflecting fluorescence emission back through the detector. Black plates reduce background fluorescence in probe-based assays where cross-well optical interference is a concern. Sealing Compatibility Skirted and semi-skirted plates seal reliably with adhesive films and heat sealers; the rigid skirt supports even film application and reduces edge-well evaporation. Non-skirted plates require cap mats or adhesive seals that adhere directly to the well rim. 
<h2 data-path-to-node="3"> Specifications Context</h2>
 PCR plates are moulded from virgin, low-extractable medical-grade polypropylene; well walls are uniformly thin (typically 0.25&ndash;0.35 mm) to maximise thermal conductivity. ANSI/SBS footprint standard (127.76 &times; 85.47 mm) applies to skirted plates for instrument interoperability. Plates are certified DNase-free, RNase-free, human DNA-free, and PCR inhibitor-free per lot. Cut corners (typically at H1/A12 position) and alpha-numeric well labelling aid plate orientation.Thermo Fisher SuperPlate skirted formats are the leading references for robotic applications; semi-skirted plates from Sorenson and equivalent lines serve the broad research market.&nbsp; 
<a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">Connect with the MBP team </a>today to request a quote and find the perfect PCR plate configuration for your lab's specific needs.

<h2 dir="ltr">What Are Non-Skirted PCR Plates?</h2>
 Non-skirted PCR plates are 96-well polypropylene thermal cycling plates with no surrounding plastic border. The absence of a skirt gives them the lowest possible profile, making them compatible with the widest range of thermal cyclers &mdash; including older instruments and those with compression lids that leave insufficient clearance for a full or partial skirt. They are the standard choice for manual PCR workflows and labs that prioritise cycler compatibility over automation capability. 
&nbsp;
<h2 dir="ltr">What you will find :<a href="https://mbpinc.net/non-skirted-pcr-plates" title="Non-Skirted PCR Plates"></a></h2>
&nbsp;
<ul data-start="458" data-end="876">
<li style="color: #000000;" data-section-id="zgfdeq" data-start="458" data-end="544">Hard Shell 384-well PCR plates with rigid frame for stability in high-throughput runs</li>
<li style="color: #000000;" data-section-id="rvpzml" data-start="545" data-end="623">Non-skirted 96-well PCR plates, a&nbsp;standard format for routine PCR workflows</li>
<li style="color: #000000;" data-section-id="1ytzau2" data-start="624" data-end="707">Hard Shell 96-well PCR plates with&nbsp;added durability and consistent well alignment</li>
<li style="color: #000000;" data-section-id="pvkgth" data-start="708" data-end="796">Globe Scientific No Skirt PCR Plates, a trusted brand option for reliable performance</li>
<li style="color: #000000;" data-section-id="1teu7sn" data-start="797" data-end="876">PCR Plates, No Skirt general-purpose plates for everyday PCR applications</li>
</ul>
<h2 dir="ltr"> How to Choose Non-Skirted PCR Plates</h2>
 Well Profile: Standard vs Low-Profile Standard-profile 0.2 mL non-skirted plates fit conventional tall-block cyclers, including Bio-Rad T100 and Eppendorf Mastercycler. Low-profile 0.1 mL non-skirted plates are used with fast-block qPCR instruments such as Bio-Rad CFX96 Fast and Applied Biosystems StepOnePlus, where the compression lid requires a low plate profile. Divisible vs One-Piece Plates Divisible (breakable) non-skirted plates are perforated between rows or columns, allowing the plate to be separated into 8-tube strips or smaller sections. This format suits labs running fewer than 96 reactions per plate and reduces plastic waste by avoiding partial-plate discard. One-piece plates are the standard format for full 96-well workflows. Colour: Clear vs White Clear non-skirted plates are standard for end-point PCR and top-read qPCR. White non-skirted plates improve fluorescence sensitivity in bottom-read optical configurations on instruments such as the Applied Biosystems QuantStudio bottom-read modes. Handling Considerations Non-skirted plates are less rigid than skirted formats and can flex during multichannel pipetting if not supported by a plate rack or nest. Use a non-skirted plate rack when dispensing with an 8-channel pipette to prevent well deflection and inconsistent fill volumes. Cap Mats and Sealing Non-skirted plates are sealed with cap mats (silicone or rubber) or adhesive films applied directly to well rims. The absence of a skirt means that heat sealer clamping must be applied carefully to avoid plate deformation. 
<h2 dir="ltr"> Specifications Context</h2>
 Non-skirted plates are moulded from virgin polypropylene with uniformly thin, well walls (0.25&ndash;0.35 mm) for rapid thermal conductivity. The well colour options (clear, white) affect optical performance; clear is the default. Certified DNase-free, RNase-free, human DNA-free, and PCR inhibitor-free per independent lot testing. As of 2026, non-skirted plates remain the highest-volume PCR plate format globally due to broad cycler compatibility and the lowest per-plate cost.&nbsp; 
&nbsp;
<a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">Reach out to the MBP team </a>to request details or pricing for the right fit for your lab.

Non-Skirted PCR Plates

DataSheet

Non-skirted 96-well PCR plates - Novas Bio

The Non-skirted 96-well PCR Plates by Novas Bio are medical-grade polypropylene plates certified DNase-free, RNase-free, and human-DNA-free; non-pyrogenic; compatible with Applied Biosystems, Bio-Rad, Eppendorf, and Thermo Scientific thermal cyclers; sold in packs of 10. Available in three variants: PCR96-FLT-C (0.2 mL, Clear), PCR96-LP-FLT-C (0.1 mL, Low Profile, Clear), and PCR96-LP-FLT-W (0.1 mL, Low Profile, White).

Packaging

Volume

Color

Manufacturer

0.2 mL 96-well PCR plate. 0.2mL Non-skirted. Clear. 100 Plates/Case

0.1 mL 96-well PCR plate. 0.1mL Non-skirted. Low Profile. Clear.100 Plates/Case

0.1 mL 96-well PCR plate. 0.1mL Non-skirted. Low Profile. White.100 Plates/Case

<h2 data-section-id="18n4bab" data-start="0" data-end="34">What are laboratory face masks?</h2>
&nbsp;
Disposable laboratory face masks are single-use personal protective equipment worn to create a physical barrier between the nose and mouth and the work environment, protecting against large droplets, splashes, and aerosol-generating procedures. They are manufactured in 3-ply or 4-ply non-woven polypropylene construction and rated under ASTM F2100 in three levels based on bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE), sub-micron particulate filtration efficiency (PFE), and fluid penetration resistance. For research and clinical labs, ASTM Level 1 masks cover general bench work; Level 2 and Level 3 are specified for procedures generating visible aerosols or liquid splashes, such as sample processing, centrifugation of open tubes, or working with volatile reagents.
&nbsp;
<h2 data-path-to-node="2">What you will find:</h2>
&nbsp;
<ul data-path-to-node="3">
<li>
Three-layer nonwoven laboratory masks for basic protection
</li>
<li>
Disposable face masks for daily lab use
</li>
<li>
Dust and particle filtration masks for clean handling areas
</li>
<li>
Nose-clip fitted masks for improved sealing and comfort
</li>
<li>
Lightweight breathable masks for long lab sessions
</li>
<li>
Cleanroom-compatible masks for controlled environments
</li>
<li>
Single-use PPE masks for contamination control workflows
</li>
<li>
Lab-grade protective face masks for general safety needs
</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
<h2 data-section-id="19n6iba" data-start="1075" data-end="1113">How to choose laboratory face masks</h2>
&nbsp;
ASTM level
Level 1 (BFE &ge; 95%, fluid resistance 80 mmHg) is appropriate for general laboratory bench work with low splash risk. Level 2 (BFE &ge; 98%, 120 mmHg) suits moderate-aerosol environments including routine sample processing and clinical diagnostic workflows. Level 3 (BFE &ge; 98%, 160 mmHg) is specified for high-splash procedures &mdash; surgical environments, high-volume aerosol-generating workflows, and BSL-2 open-bench sample manipulation. For inhalation hazards, NIOSH N95 respirators are outside the surgical mask category entirely.
Construction: 3-ply vs 4-ply
3-ply masks consist of a spunbond polypropylene outer layer, a melt-blown filtration layer in the middle, and a soft inner comfort layer. 4-ply masks add an additional filtration layer to improve efficiency while maintaining similar comfort. The melt-blown layer is the key filter component that determines performance.
Fit: ear-loop vs tie
Ear-loop masks are commonly used in laboratory environments due to quick application and removal. Tie-back masks or headband-style masks provide a tighter facial seal and are preferred where reduced leakage around the edges is important, such as in cleaner or more controlled environments. Cleanroom-grade masks are often individually packaged to reduce contamination and lint generation.
Latex-free certification
Most laboratory face masks are naturally latex-free because they are made from polypropylene. However, ear-loop materials should still be confirmed as latex-free (usually polyester or spandex-based) when working in environments with latex allergy controls.
Nose wire
A built-in nose wire improves fit by shaping the mask around the bridge of the nose and also helps reduce fogging of safety eyewear. Some designs use plastic-coated wires for environments where metal exposure must be avoided.
&nbsp;
<h2 data-section-id="1fljvas" data-start="4051" data-end="4076">Specifications context</h2>
&nbsp;
ASTM F2100 defines performance requirements for medical masks, including bacterial filtration efficiency (ASTM F2101), particle filtration efficiency (ASTM F2299), and fluid resistance (ASTM F1862). Medical-grade masks intended for clinical use may require FDA 510(k) clearance depending on the application. As of 2026, ASTM Level 2 3-ply polypropylene masks remain the most widely used format in research and pharmaceutical laboratories for daily routine operations.
Stay focused on your work&mdash;let MBP help you choose masks that keep your environment clean and your process uninterrupted. <a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">Contact our team today</a> for a personalized quote.

Masks

Four-layer PP Activated Carbon Non-woven Lab Protection Mask

Three-layer PP Non-woven Lab Protection Mask

Lab Protection Masks

Non-woven Mask, Nest Scientific

The Non-woven Mask by NEST Scientific is a disposable general-lab face mask for basic respiratory hygiene during bench work, cleanroom use, and sample handling. Available as the three-layer mask (922001) and the four-layer mask with melt-blown filtration layer (922101).

Three-layer PP non-woven lab protection mask, 50/pk, 500/cs

Four-layer PP acticarbon non-woven lab protection mask, 50/pk, 500/cs

Primary Cells

Normal Human Primary Intestinal Epithelial Cells Jejunum

T5541-1 Normal Human Primary Intestinal Epithelial Cells Jejunum by ABM — normal mid-small intestinal absorptive epithelium, 5×10⁵ cells/1.0 ml, BSL-II. Intestinal Epithelial Cell Medium (TM090) required. For celiac, Crohn's, and jejunal absorption research. MTA required.

Normal Human Primary Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells (Copy)

T5558-1 Normal Human Primary Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells by ABM — alternate MBP listing for T5558; normal liver sinusoidal endothelium; 5×10⁵ cells/1.0 ml, BSL-II. Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell Growth Medium (TM086) required; G299/G422. For liver LSEC biology research. MTA required.

<h2>What are ChIP buffers?</h2>
&nbsp;
ChIP buffers are the aqueous formulations used at each stage of a chromatin immunoprecipitation protocol: cell lysis buffer disrupts the plasma membrane and releases nuclear content, nuclear lysis buffer solubilizes chromatin under conditions compatible with subsequent immunoprecipitation, sonication buffer maintains chromatin stability during shearing, ChIP dilution buffer reduces SDS concentration from the lysis buffer to allow antibody-antigen binding, sequential wash buffers with increasing ionic strength and detergent remove non-specifically bound chromatin while preserving the specific antibody-antigen-DNA complex, and elution buffer releases the captured complex from the antibody-bead resin before de-crosslinking.
&nbsp;
<h2 dir="ltr">What you will find:</h2>
&nbsp;
<ul>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">MN Digestion Buffer used in MNase-based workflows for enzymatic fragmentation of&nbsp; chromatin&nbsp;</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Chromatin Shearing Buffer using sonification for chromatin disruption and preparation</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">5X MN Stop Buffer for the termination of enzymatic digestion reactions</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Chromatin Dilution Buffer used in ChIP assays to provide optimized conditions for antibody binding&nbsp;</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Chromatin Wash Buffer I, II, and III for background reduction and step-by-step non-specific binding removal&nbsp;</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">ChIP DNA Binding Buffer for purification and capture of immunoprecipitated DNA</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">5X Chromatin Elution Buffer for protein&ndash;DNA complexes recovery</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">5M NaCl for enhancing elution and chromatin stabilization</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Nuclei Prep Buffer used before chromatin extraction for superior nuclear isolation</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
<h2>How to use ChIP buffers</h2>
&nbsp;
Always add protease inhibitors to lysis and wash buffers immediately before use
Protease inhibitors must be added fresh to cell lysis and nuclear lysis buffers immediately before use, since most inhibitors are unstable in aqueous solution and lose activity quickly, and without them, nuclear proteases released during lysis will degrade histone tails and reduce ChIP enrichment of histone modifications.
Confirm SDS concentration is diluted before immunoprecipitation
High SDS in the nuclear lysis buffer is necessary for chromatin solubilization and sonication, but must be diluted approximately 10-fold using ChIP dilution buffer before antibody addition, since high SDS disrupts antibody-antigen binding and reduces immunoprecipitation efficiency.
Keep all buffers and chromatin on ice throughout the workflow after lysis
Chromatin prepared for ChIP is sensitive to non-specific interactions and protease activity after cell lysis, and maintaining samples at 4&deg;C throughout all lysis, sonication, immunoprecipitation, and wash steps minimizes these effects and preserves specificity of the enrichment.
Optimize wash buffer stringency to balance specificity against yield
ChIP wash buffers are applied sequentially at increasing ionic strength and detergent concentration to remove non-specifically bound chromatin; conditions too stringent can also strip the specific antibody-antigen-DNA complex from the beads, reducing yield, so optimization of wash conditions for each antibody-target combination improves performance.
Confirm elution buffer composition fits your downstream application
Standard ChIP elution buffers containing SDS and sodium bicarbonate release the protein-DNA complex and reverse crosslinks, but high SDS in the eluate can inhibit some NGS library preparation enzymes, making a DNA cleanup step after elution important before proceeding to library prep.
&nbsp;
<h2>Specifications context</h2>
&nbsp;
Protease inhibitor cocktails, added fresh to lysis buffers immediately before ChIP, are a standard component across kit formats and in-house protocols, since even brief protease activity can compromise histone modification detection by degrading the histone tails that ChIP antibodies recognize. As of 2026, ChIP buffer formulations compatible with low-input chromatin and NGS library preparation continue to be optimized for primary cell and tissue ChIP workflows.
<a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">Contact the expert team </a>at MBP and request a quote today to get high-quality ChIP buffers for your lab.

Buffers

MSDS

Nuclei Prep Buffer

The Nuclei Prep Buffer for chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Used at 500 µl (with protease inhibitors) to resuspend cross-linked cell pellets before chromatin shearing. Compatible with Zymo-Spin ChIP Kit (D5209 by Zymo Research is D5210). Store at room temperature. Available in 30 mL and 50 mL. Available in 30 mL (D5220-2-30) and 50 mL (D5220-2).

Nuclei Prep Buffer (50 ml)

Nuclei Prep Buffer (30 ml)

Automated Purification Systems

<h2>What Are Automated Purification Systems?</h2>
&nbsp;
Automated purification systems are integrated chromatography instruments that combine a multi-channel solvent delivery pump, a sample injection module, a chromatography column holder (accepting prepacked cartridges or reusable columns), a UV/Vis (and optionally ELSD or mass detector) detection system, and an automated fraction collector into a single controlled platform. The system runs gradient elution programs that change solvent composition over time, separating sample components by their differential affinity for the stationary phase. UV signal peaks trigger fraction collection into numbered tubes or microplates, eliminating the need for the operator to monitor the separation and manually collect fractions. Mass-directed systems add an inline mass spectrometer to trigger fraction collection on a specific molecular mass rather than UV absorbance, enabling selective collection of the target compound even when it co-elutes with impurities of similar UV absorption. Specify an automated purification system when your lab runs more than 3 to 5 flash chromatography purifications per day; the time saved on each run compounds rapidly and improves fraction quality through consistent, reproducible gradient programming.
&nbsp;
<h2 dir="ltr">What You Will Find:</h2>
&nbsp;
<ul>
<li data-section-id="1xaq5zs" data-start="25" data-end="248">Compact and high-throughput magnetic bead-based instruments, including IsoPure&trade; Mini, IsoPure&trade; 24, IsoPure&trade; 96, and Nucleic Acid Purifier 16 systems for automated nucleic acid purification.</li>
<li data-section-id="124t8zs" data-start="249" data-end="383">Compatible 24-well and 96-well deep-well plates and elution plates for automated purification workflows.</li>
<li data-section-id="ucx4qa" data-start="384" data-end="516">Replacement magnetic tip combs for IsoPure&trade; Mini, IsoPure&trade; 24, and IsoPure&trade; 96 automated purification systems.</li>
<li data-section-id="15pcqjt" data-start="517" data-end="657">Reagent vessels and aluminum sample racks designed for efficient sample loading and workflow organization.</li>
<li data-section-id="4rzy3m" data-start="658" data-end="817" data-is-last-node=""><a href="https://mbpinc.net/equipments/purification-and-separation-equipment/automated-purification-systems/automated-purification-system-accessories">System Accessories</a>, including Tablets, demo cases, and other compatible accessories to support the setup, operation, and maintenance of automated purification systems.</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
<h2>How to Choose an Automated Purification System</h2>
&nbsp;
Flash chromatography vs. preparative HPLC
Automated flash chromatography systems (operating at 5 to 30 bar with spherical 25 to 100 micron silica or C18 cartridges) are optimized for fast, cost-effective purification of 0.1 to 10 g samples with throughputs of 3 to 10 runs per day. Preparative HPLC systems (operating at 50 to 300 bar with 5 to 25 micron particle columns) provide higher resolution for complex mixtures, smaller sample loads (mg to g scale), and are required when flash chromatography cannot resolve closely similar compounds. Some systems integrate both flash and prep HPLC capability in one instrument.
Sample load and column capacity
Match the column loading to your typical sample mass. Standard flash cartridges in 4 g, 12 g, 25 g, 40 g, 80 g, and 120 g silica sizes handle sample loads of roughly 0.04 to 1.2 g on normal-phase silica. Reversed-phase C18 cartridges handle lower loads per gram of silica. For larger sample loads (5 to 100 g), large-diameter columns or multi-injection protocols are used. Confirm the system's maximum column size and flow rate capacity against your typical sample mass.
Detection: UV/Vis vs. ELSD vs. mass directed
UV/Vis detection (monitoring at 254 nm and 280 nm) is standard and sufficient for compounds with a chromophore (most synthetic products). Evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) is added for compounds with poor UV absorption (lipids, carbohydrates, alkyl chains). Mass-directed purification adds an inline single-quadrupole mass spectrometer that triggers fraction collection only when the target mass is detected; this is the highest-selectivity option for purifying one compound from a complex mixture, but at significantly higher instrument cost.
Number of solvent lines
Entry-level systems use two solvent lines (binary gradient). Advanced systems provide four solvent lines (quaternary gradient), enabling more complex separation strategies, modifier additions (e.g., acetic acid or ammonium formate in reversed-phase), and reduced operator setup time for multi-method labs. For most flash chromatography in synthetic chemistry, a binary gradient (organic/non-polar + polar modifier) is sufficient.
Software and workflow integration
Automated systems vary widely in software capability: basic systems provide gradient programming and peak detection; advanced platforms add automatic injection, queue management for multiple samples, solvent level monitoring, LIMS connectivity, and 21 CFR Part 11 compliance for regulated pharmaceutical environments. For open-access use in multi-chemist departments, queue-based software allowing each user to submit samples independently increases throughput.
&nbsp;
<h2>Specifications Context</h2>
&nbsp;
Column and cartridge consumables are a significant ongoing cost for automated purification systems; prepacked silica cartridges for flash systems are single-use or limited-use. Confirm cartridge availability and pricing for the specific system before purchase, as some systems lock users to proprietary cartridges at premium pricing while others accept standard-thread cartridges from multiple suppliers. Solvent consumption (L/run) scales with column size and flow rate; larger cartridges and longer gradients use more solvent. For high-throughput labs, solvent waste management (evaporation, recycling, or disposal) is a practical operational consideration. UV detection wavelength settings (254 nm for aromatic compounds, 210 to 220 nm for carbonyl-containing compounds) should be confirmed for your compound class to avoid missing low-UV-absorbing peaks.&nbsp;
&nbsp;
Complete your purification setup today&mdash;browse our accessories collection and <a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">contact the MBP team</a> for a quote.

Nucleic Acid Purifier 16 (1 Unit)

NAP16 by MagBio Genomics is a compact automated nucleic acid purifier for up to 16 samples per run using magnetic bead extraction, with a 50–1000 µL sample volume range, 10–60 min processing time, lysis/elution temperatures up to 120°C, >95% bead recovery, and built-in UVC sterilization.

Features

Capacity / Sample Volume 16 samples / 20µl to 1000µl Magnetic bead recovery rate

Lysis temperature range

Elution temperature range

Display

Programming control

Program memory

Communication ports

Contamination Control

Electrical Input

Dimensions

<h2 dir="ltr">What Are Organelle Labeling Lentiviral Particles?</h2>
 Organelle labeling lentiviral particles are ready-to-transduce viral stocks that deliver a fluorescent protein (GFP or RFP) fused to a validated subcellular targeting sequence. After stable integration, transduced cells express a fluorescent marker localised to a specific organelle &mdash; providing a heritable, non-toxic alternative to chemical dyes for subcellular imaging. Cellular imaging studies depend on accurate organelle targeting. Choose a labeling system that supports clear visualization and analysis.
&nbsp;
<h2 dir="ltr">What you will find:</h2>
&nbsp;
<ul>
<li dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;" role="presentation">Mitochondria labeling viruses for monitoring cellular metabolism and energy dynamics in live-cell studies</li>
<li dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;" role="presentation">Nucleus labeling viruses for gene expression analysis and nuclear localization tracking in mammalian cells</li>
<li dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;" role="presentation">Endoplasmic reticulum labeling viruses for studying folding, synthesis, and intracellular transport pathways of proteins</li>
<li dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;" role="presentation">Golgi apparatus labeling viruses for protein processing and for vesicle trafficking visualization</li>
<li dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;" role="presentation">Plasma membrane labeling of viruses for cell interaction studies, receptor localization, and membrane dynamics</li>
<li dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;" role="presentation">Lysosome labeling viruses for autophagy and degradation pathway-related applications</li>
<li dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;" role="presentation">Peroxisome labeling viruses for oxidative stress response and metabolic studies</li>
<li dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;" role="presentation">Cytoskeleton labeling viruses for cell morphology analysis and structural organization studies</li>
<li dir="ltr" style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;" role="presentation">Autophagosome labeling of viruses for cellular recycling pathway and autophagy flux studies</li>
</ul>
<h2 dir="ltr"> How to Choose an Organelle Labeling Lentivirus</h2>
 Target Organelle Available targeting constructs cover mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, peroxisome, plasma membrane, autophagosome, and cytoskeleton &mdash; select based on the structure of interest in your experiment. Fluorophore Choice GFP- and RFP-based constructs allow flexibility for multiplexed imaging &mdash; pairing an organelle marker with a second fluorescent reporter (e.g. a protein-of-interest fusion) in the red or green channel respectively. Stable vs. Transient Labeling Needs Lentiviral delivery produces stable, integrated reporter expression maintained across cell divisions &mdash; essential for long-term time-lapse imaging, drug treatment time courses, or generation of reporter cell line banks. Cytotoxicity Considerations Unlike chemical dyes (MitoTracker, LysoTracker, ER-Tracker), which can be cytotoxic at working concentrations and require repeated application, lentiviral organelle markers avoid repeated dye loading and chronic toxicity in long-term experiments. Multiplexing Strategy When combining an organelle marker with other fluorescent reporters, select spectrally distinct fluorophores to avoid channel overlap in fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry. 
<h2 dir="ltr"> Specifications Context</h2>
 Organelle labeling lentiviral particles sourced from Applied Biological Materials (ABM) are supplied as ready-to-transduce stocks, eliminating the need for in-house viral production. Stable genomic integration enables longitudinal analysis of organelle morphology and dynamics across cell passages, treatments, and differentiation time courses. All lentiviral workflows require institutional biosafety committee (IBC) approval, with BSL-2 containment standard for third-generation systems. Product availability reflects MBP&rsquo;s catalogue as of mid-2026. 
&nbsp;
<a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">Contact the expert team </a>of MBP to confirm availability for specific organelle targets and fluorophore combinations.

Organelle Labeling Viruses

Important Considerations for Lentiviruses

Nucleus Labeling Lentivirus (LMNB1)(GFP)

LVP706 Nucleus Labeling Lentivirus (LMNB1)(GFP) by Applied Biological Materials delivers Lamin B1-GFP for stable green fluorescent labeling of the nuclear envelope in transduced mammalian cells. Compatible with FITC/488 nm filter sets. RFP version available as LVP707. Store at &minus;80&deg;C.

Vector

Titer	

Nucleus Labeling Lentivirus (LMNB1)(RFP)

LVP707 Nucleus Labeling Lentivirus (LMNB1)(RFP) by Applied Biological Materials delivers Lamin B1-RFP for stable red fluorescent labeling of the nuclear envelope in transduced mammalian cells. Compatible with TRITC/561 nm filter sets; spectrally compatible with GFP-based organelle markers for dual-color imaging. Store at &minus;80&deg;C.

Oil Testing Centrifuge

<h2>What Are Oil Testing Centrifuges?</h2>
&nbsp;
Oil testing centrifuges (petroleum centrifuges) are specialized heated-chamber instruments used to determine the basic sediment and water (BS&amp;W) content of crude oils, fuel oils, and lubricating oils by spinning calibrated ASTM-compliant borosilicate glass tubes at 500&ndash;2,200 RPM (500&ndash;1,327 &times;g) for 10 minutes. The separated water and sediment volume is read directly from the graduated glass tube at the bottom of the tube. These instruments comply with ASTM D1796 (fuel oils), ASTM D4007 (crude oil), ASTM D2273 and D2709 (trace sediment in lubricating oils and middle distillates), ASTM D893 (insolubles in used oils), and related API, ISO, and DIN methods. Heated chambers reduce viscosity in heavy fuel oils and waxy crude samples, enabling accurate separation within standard testing cycles.
&nbsp;
<h2>What You Will Find</h2>
&nbsp;
<ul>
<li><a href="https://mbpinc.net/equipments/centrifuges/oil-testing-centrifuge/oil-testing-centrifuge-accessories">Oil Testing Centrifuge Accessories:</a> Including oil pear-shaped and conical test tubes, tube adapters, and additional buckets with inserts for stable and secure centrifuge operation.</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
<h2>How to Choose an Oil Testing Centrifuge</h2>
&nbsp;
ASTM Method Compliance
Identify the ASTM methods required by your laboratory before selecting a centrifuge. Methods such as D1796 and D4007 are commonly used for fuel oils and crude oils, while D2273 and D2709 require higher precision and specialized tube formats. Ensure the selected model supports all applicable testing standards and corresponding accessories.
Tube Type Compatibility
Different ASTM methods require specific tube formats, including pear-shaped, long-cone, short-cone, and finger tubes. Laboratories running multiple methods benefit from centrifuges that allow quick rotor changes and support several tube configurations within a single instrument.
Heated Chamber Temperature Range
Most petroleum testing methods require operation at 60&deg;C, although some heavy crude applications demand temperatures approaching 93&deg;C. Digital temperature control with accurate monitoring helps maintain compliance and ensures consistent test results across sample types.
Throughput Requirements
Four-place models typically process two samples per run, while six-place units increase throughput for high-volume laboratories. Selecting the appropriate capacity helps optimize turnaround times and improve workflow efficiency.
Digital Programmable Controls
Modern oil testing centrifuges feature programmable settings that allow operators to store method-specific parameters, including speed, temperature, and run duration. Automated acceleration and deceleration functions help protect delicate glass tubes and minimize operator error.
&nbsp;
<h2>Specifications Context</h2>
&nbsp;
Standard BS&amp;W testing methods typically require operation within defined centrifugal force ranges and fixed run times using approved solvents. Long-cone tubes provide greater measurement resolution, while pear-shaped tubes remain common for routine fuel oil testing applications. Proper tube cushions and adapters are essential to protect glassware during acceleration and deceleration cycles.
Modern heated petroleum centrifuges incorporate digital temperature regulation, programmable controls, and improved safety features to support refinery, terminal, and pipeline laboratory operations. These advancements help maintain compliance with evolving ASTM and industry standards.
The right oil testing centrifuge can be yours today. <a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">Contact the expert team</a> at Molecular Biology Products Inc. to find the ideal solution for your laboratory needs.

Product Literature

OLEUM Oil Testing Centrifuge, 230V ONLY

The Z600-OL OLEUM Oil Testing Centrifuge by Hermle is a stand-alone instrument for determining water content in petroleum products and lubricants using pear-shaped or conical ASTM oil testing tubes. It runs 4 × 100 mL samples per cycle at a continuously variable 200–3,000 RPM (up to 2,216 × g) via a 4-place swing-out rotor, with a stainless steel chamber, motorized lid lock, active imbalance detection, and programmable acceleration ramps. Operates at 230V ONLY, 950W; dimensions 56 × 64 × 41 cm, weight 72 kg. Rotor and cushions sold separately.