Zymo Research

<h2>What are 5-hmC ELISA kits?</h2>
&nbsp;
5-hmC ELISA kits are antibody-based assays formulated specifically to quantify 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, the oxidized derivative of 5-methylcytosine produced by TET family enzymes, in a genomic DNA sample. The assay typically uses denatured single-stranded DNA coated on a plate well, recognized by an anti-5-hmC primary antibody and developed with an HRP-conjugated secondary antibody for a colorimetric readout proportional to the global level of 5-hmC in the sample.
&nbsp;
<h2 dir="ltr">What you will find:</h2>
&nbsp;
<ul>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">DNA hydroxymethylation ELISA assay kits for 5-hmC levels quantification</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">DNA methylation ELISA kits for comparative gene regulation analysis and measurement of 5-mC&nbsp;</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">DNA standards for accurate methylation and hydroxymethylation quantification&nbsp;</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Control DNA sets and assay controls for experimental accuracy, validation, and reproducibility</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">HRP-based antibodies for the specific detection in ELISA workflows</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">ELISA coating and reaction buffers for enhanced assay performance and setup</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Signal development reagents for quantitative readout and chemiluminescent or colorimetric detection</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
<h2>How to use 5-hmC ELISA kits</h2>
&nbsp;
Confirm 5-hmC is detectable at relevant levels in your cell type or tissue
5-hmC is most abundant in neurons and embryonic stem cells, where it can constitute up to 20% of total modified cytosines in neuronal DNA, while most cultured cell lines have much lower 5-hmC levels that may fall below a plate-based antibody assay's reliable detection limit. Checking published 5-hmC abundance for your specific cell type helps confirm whether ELISA-level detection is appropriate before committing samples to the assay.
Use a set of mixed methylation standards to build a calibration curve
Running defined mixtures of 5-hmC-containing and unmethylated DNA at known ratios generates a standard curve that lets you convert the raw absorbance signal to an actual global hydroxymethylation percentage, since the assay signal alone cannot be interpreted as an absolute level without this calibration.
Confirm your antibody's specificity for 5-hmC versus 5-mC
Anti-5-hmC antibodies used in these kits are selected for specificity to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine rather than 5-methylcytosine, but published cross-reactivity data for the specific antibody in your kit is worth checking, particularly when studying sample types where both marks are present at similar levels.
Plan your experimental design to include appropriate negative and positive controls
Including a negative control (unmethylated DNA, expected to give background-level signal) and a positive control (5-hmC-containing DNA of known level) in every plate confirms the assay is performing as expected and catches plate-to-plate variability before it affects result interpretation.
Understand ELISA gives global level, not locus-specific 5-hmC information
A 5-hmC ELISA measures the average hydroxymethylation level across all DNA in the sample; it does not reveal which specific CpG sites carry 5-hmC, which requires hMeDIP-seq or TAB-seq for regional or base-level resolution respectively.
&nbsp;
<h2>Specifications context</h2>
&nbsp;
Anti-5-hmC antibodies used in ELISA formats are validated specifically for 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and selected for minimal cross-reactivity with 5-methylcytosine, since distinguishing these two modifications is the primary purpose of a dedicated 5-hmC assay rather than a general methylation assay. As of 2026, 5-hmC ELISA kits remain a standard first-pass tool in studies where many samples need to be screened for differences in global hydroxymethylation level before committing a smaller subset to high-resolution sequencing methods.
<a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">Contact the expert team</a> at Molecular Biology Products Inc. (MBP) and find reliable ELISA kits and reagents for your lab.

ELISA Kits & Reagents

MSDS

Control DNA Set (5 x 40 µl)

D5425-5-C by Zymo Research is the Control DNA Set (5 × 40 µl), providing calibration standard DNA for use with the Quest 5-hmC DNA ELISA Kit to detect and quantify 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) in genomic DNA. Required for generating the ELISA calibration curve. For research use only.

Manufacturer

Shipping Condition

Storage Condition

Control E (100 ng/ul) (40 µl)

D5425-5-5 by Zymo Research is Control E, a mouse tissue-derived genomic DNA at 100&nbsp;ng/&micro;l (40&nbsp;&micro;l) with defined %5-hmC for standard curve construction in the Quest 5-hmC DNA ELISA Kit (D5425). Used alongside Control C (D5425-5-3). Research use only.

Plates

Conversion Plate w/ Cover Foil (2 Plates/Foils)

C2005 by Zymo Research is a Conversion Plate with Cover Foil for 96-well bisulfite conversion workflows. Each unit includes 2 non-skirted PCR plates (up to 150 µl per well) with 2 piercing-compatible cover foils. Compatible with most standard thermal cyclers.

<h2>What are epigenetics enzymes and inhibitors?</h2>
&nbsp;
Epigenetics enzymes and inhibitors are the molecular tools for directly studying or modulating the enzymatic machinery that writes, erases, or reads epigenetic marks. The major classes include: DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B), which catalyze the addition of a methyl group to cytosine; TET family enzymes (TET1, TET2, TET3), which oxidize 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine; histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), which add and remove acetyl groups from histone lysine residues; and histone methyltransferases (HMTs) including EZH2, DOT1L, and G9a. Small-molecule inhibitors of HDAC and DNMT enzymes are the most clinically and experimentally advanced of these tools.
&nbsp;
<h2 dir="ltr">What you will find:</h2>
&nbsp;
<ul>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Micrococcal nuclease for nucleosome mapping and controlled chromatin digestion applications</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">DNA shearing enzymes for consistent fragmentation of DNA in sequencing and epigenetic workflows</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">DNA degradation enzymes for controlled breakdown and analysis of nucleic acids&nbsp;</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">CpG methylase enzymes for targeted DNA methylation (CpG-specific )&nbsp; in epigenetic modification studies</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">5-hmC glucosyltransferase for detection and labeling of hydroxymethylcytosine in DNA</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">SAM (S-adenosylmethionine) cofactors for supporting enzyme activity and methylation reactions</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">DNA digestion enzymes for genomic DNA processing workflows</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">dsDNA nuclease systems for controlled cleavage and analysis of double-stranded DNA</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
<h2>How to choose epigenetics enzymes and inhibitors</h2>
&nbsp;
Choose DNMT inhibitors to globally reduce or deplete DNA methylation in cells
Nucleoside analog DNMT inhibitors like 5-azacytidine and decitabine incorporate into DNA and trap DNMT1, preventing maintenance methylation and causing passive demethylation through DNA replication, while newer non-nucleoside DNMT inhibitors are in development for more selective, non-genotoxic methylation reduction.
Choose HDAC inhibitors to globally increase histone acetylation
HDAC inhibitors including pan-HDAC hydroxamates like vorinostat (SAHA) or class-selective compounds reduce histone deacetylase activity and cause hyperacetylation of histone lysine residues, broadly promoting gene expression at silenced loci. HDAC inhibitors are the most clinically advanced class of epigenetic therapeutics, with multiple FDA-approved compounds.
Use TET enzyme preparations for in vitro 5-hmC oxidation studies
Purified TET1, TET2, or TET3 enzyme preparations allow controlled in vitro oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and further oxidation products, useful for generating defined 5-hmC-containing substrate DNA or studying TET enzyme activity and selectivity.
Choose EZH2 or other HMT inhibitors for studying PRC2-dependent gene silencing
EZH2, the catalytic subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), catalyzes H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), a histone modification associated with repression of tumor suppressor genes, and EZH2 inhibitors like tazemetostat are used in research to probe the role of this silencing mark.
Combine inhibitors to study epistatic relationships between epigenetic marks
Because DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and histone methylation are mechanistically linked, combining HDAC inhibitors with DNMT inhibitors can produce synergistic effects on gene expression exceeding either alone, and these combination approaches are both experimental tools and the basis for combination epigenetic therapy research.
&nbsp;
<h2>Specifications context</h2>
&nbsp;
HDAC and DNMT inhibitors are the most clinically advanced classes of epigenetic therapeutics, with multiple HDAC inhibitors including vorinostat and romidepsin approved for hematological malignancies, EZH2 inhibitors including tazemetostat having received accelerated approval, and multiple BET inhibitors in clinical trials. As of 2026, CRISPR/dCas9 systems fused with DNMTs, TETs, and HDACs enable locus-specific epigenome editing, extending classic enzyme and inhibitor approaches toward targeted epigenetic modulation.
<a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">Contact the expert team at MBP</a> and find the suitable enzymes and inhibitory reagents for your lab.

Enzymes & Inhibitors

Protocol

CpG Methylase (M. Sssl)

CpG Methylase (M. SssI) (E2010) by Zymo Research — recombinant CpG methyltransferase that completely methylates all 5′-CpG-3′ sites in dsDNA. Supplied with 10X buffer and 20X SAM. Available in 200 U and 400 U; optimal at 30°C; heat-inactivatable at 65°C.

Additional Information

Assay Condition

Heat Inactivation

Source

Storage

Unit Definition

CpG Methylase (M. Sssl) (200 U)

CpG Methylase (M. Sssl) (400 U)

<h2>What are bisulfite conversion reagents and buffers?</h2>
&nbsp;
Bisulfite conversion reagents include sodium bisulfite solution, denaturation and conversion buffers, and complete kits that bundle all components needed for the three-step chemical reaction: sulfonation of cytosine to a cytosine-bisulfite derivative, hydrolytic deamination to a uracil-bisulfite derivative, and alkali desulfonation to yield uracil. This process converts unmethylated cytosines to uracil while leaving 5-methylcytosine intact and unconverted, because 5-methylcytosine resists bisulfite-mediated deamination under standard conditions.
&nbsp;
<h2 dir="ltr">What you will find:</h2>
&nbsp;
<ul>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">RNA and DNA conversion reagents for enhanced modification of cytosine in methylation workflows</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Desulphonation buffers for stabilization of nucleic acids and post-conversion cleanup&nbsp;</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Binding buffers used during purification for efficient capture of converted RNA and DNA</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Wash buffers for the removal of inhibitors and improved purity of samples</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Elution buffers for high-quality recovery of converted nucleic acids</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">DNA denaturing and digestion buffers for controlled workflow and optimized conversion efficiency</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Dilution and reaction buffers for maintaining stable assay conditions</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Solubilization and dissolution buffers for sample processing and preparation&nbsp;</li>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">Lightning conversion reagents for efficient and rapid methylation analysis workflows</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
<h2>How to use bisulfite conversion reagents</h2>
&nbsp;
Ensure complete DNA denaturation before conversion to avoid incomplete conversion
Bisulfite only acts on cytosines in single-stranded DNA, so complete denaturation of the input DNA is the most critical first step, since failure to fully denature can leave double-stranded regions in which cytosines are shielded from the bisulfite reagent and remain unconverted.
Understand that incomplete conversion produces false-positive methylation results
If the conversion is incomplete, unconverted unmethylated cytosines will read as cytosine after sequencing, which will be incorrectly interpreted as methylated cytosine, artificially inflating the apparent methylation level of the sample in a false-positive direction.
Optimize conversion conditions to balance completeness against DNA degradation
The harsh conditions needed for complete bisulfite conversion, including high bisulfite concentration, elevated temperature, and long incubation, also fragment and degrade DNA, and optimizing conditions that achieve high conversion while minimizing degradation is a key technical challenge in bisulfite workflows.
Include an unmethylated conversion control to estimate residual incomplete conversion
Including an unmethylated control DNA, such as lambda phage DNA, in the same conversion reaction provides a readout of how completely unmethylated cytosines were converted, helping quantify residual incomplete conversion rates and account for them in downstream analysis.
Be aware of specific challenges for FFPE and degraded DNA samples
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue DNA is already fragmented before bisulfite treatment, and the additional fragmentation during conversion can result in poor library yields; specific modified protocols and carrier reagents can help reduce further degradation during the conversion step.
&nbsp;
<h2>Specifications context</h2>
&nbsp;
Bisulfite sequencing is widely regarded as the gold standard for DNA methylation analysis due to its high resolution and accuracy at single-base level, but it also introduces specific DNA quality challenges for downstream library preparation and sequencing, particularly for samples already of poor quality like FFPE tissue. As of 2026, enzymatic conversion is increasingly recommended as the preferred alternative to bisulfite conversion specifically because it achieves comparable discrimination between methylated and unmethylated cytosines while minimizing the DNA damage and library complexity loss that harsh bisulfite chemistry introduces.
This category sits within DNA/RNA Methylation under Epigenetics, and for a synthetic, fully methylated positive control to run through the conversion workflow, see dNTPs (Deoxynucleotide Triphosphates). See the full reagents catalog and use Quick Order for recurring orders.
<a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">Contact the expert team</a> at MBP and request a quote today to get high-quality bisulfite conversion reagents for your lab.

Bisulfite Conversion Reagents & Buffers

D5001-1 - MSDS

D5003-1 - MSDS

CT Conversion Reagent

The CT Conversion Reagent by Zymo Research performs bisulfite conversion of 500&nbsp;pg&ndash;2&nbsp;&micro;g DNA with &gt;99% non-methylated cytosine conversion and &gt;99% methylated cytosine protection, compatible with EZ DNA Methylation, EZ DNA Methylation-Gold, and EZ DNA Methylation-Direct kits. Available as D5001-1 (1 tube, 10 conversions), D5001-1-50 (5 tubes, 50 conversions), and D5003-1 (1 bottle, 96 conversions).

CT Conversion Reagent (1 Tube for 10 Conversions)

CT Conversion Reagent (5 x 10 Rxns.)

CT Conversion Reagent (96 Conversions) (1 Bottle)

Cytosine DNA Standard (2 µg)

D5405-1 by Zymo Research is the Cytosine DNA Standard (2 µg) containing 100% unmodified cytosines (no 5-mC, no 5-hmC), used to anchor the zero-modification point on calibration curves in 5-mC and 5-hmC ELISA quantitation assays. Compatible with Zymo Research 5-mC DNA ELISA Kit (D5325) and the 5-Methylcytosine &amp; 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine DNA Standard Set (D5405). Store at −20 °C. Made in USA.

<h2>What are epigenetics dNTPs?</h2>
&nbsp;
Epigenetics dNTPs includes both standard deoxynucleotide triphosphate sets used across many molecular biology applications and modified nucleotide analogs relevant specifically to epigenetic research, with the most important being 5-methyl-dCTP, a base-modified analog in which the cytosine base carries a methyl group at the 5-carbon position. 5-methyl-dCTP can be incorporated into DNA via PCR or in vitro synthesis in place of standard dCTP, producing a defined, fully methylated cytosine-substituted DNA molecule useful as a positive control for methylation detection assays or as a substrate for studying methylation-related enzyme activity.
&nbsp;
<h2 dir="ltr">What you will find:</h2>
&nbsp;
<ul>
<li><a href="https://mbpinc.net/reagents/epigenetics/dntps-deoxynucleotide-triphosphates/methylated">Methylated: </a>dNTP mixes used in methylation-sensitive DNA synthesis workflows.&nbsp;Methylated nucleotide analogs for DNA methylation studies and epigenetics research.&nbsp;Standard individual dNTPs (dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP) for PCR analysis and routine DNA synthesis.</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
<h2>How to choose epigenetics dNTPs</h2>
&nbsp;
Use 5-methyl-dCTP to build defined, fully methylated control DNA
Substituting 5-methyl-dCTP for standard dCTP in a PCR reaction produces a fully methylated cytosine-substituted amplicon, providing a positive control whose methylation status is defined and known, unlike a positive control derived from genomic DNA with variable, unknown methylation patterns.
Confirm that your methylation detection assay is validated with a defined methylated control
Running a fully methylated positive control through a bisulfite conversion or enzymatic conversion workflow confirms the detection method is correctly interpreting methylated cytosines, helping catch conversion efficiency problems before they affect interpretation of real sample results.
Use methylated dNTP-synthesized DNA to study methylation-sensitive restriction digestion
Some restriction enzymes specifically cleave methylated sequences while others are inhibited by methylation, and a fully methylated DNA produced with 5-methyl-dCTP is a useful substrate for confirming whether a specific enzyme's activity is methylation-sensitive.
Be aware that 5-methyl-dCTP is also believed to be the starting substrate for TET enzyme oxidation
5-methylcytosine is believed to be the substrate for TET family enzymes that produce 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and further oxidation products, making 5-methyl-dCTP-synthesized DNA a potential substrate for in vitro TET enzyme activity studies.
Confirm nucleotide concentration and compatibility with your synthesis conditions
Standard dNTPs and modified analogs like 5-methyl-dCTP are typically supplied as concentrated solutions requiring dilution, and confirming appropriate concentration and buffer compatibility before use ensures consistent, reproducible incorporation into your target DNA.
&nbsp;
<h2>Specifications context</h2>
&nbsp;
5-methyl-dCTP is typically supplied as a 10 mM solution and offers the ability to enzymatically make a defined, fully methylated, cytosine-substituted DNA by PCR or in vitro synthesis, a property that makes it a valuable resource for a variety of biochemical and cellular applications in epigenetics research. As of 2026, methylated DNA probes made with 5-methyl-dCTP continue to serve as methylation reference fragments and as pull-down substrates for 5-hydroxymethylcytosine-binding proteins from cellular lysates, extending their use beyond simple positive controls.
<a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">Contact the expert team at Molecular Biology Products Inc. (MBP)</a> to find high-integrity dNTPs tailor-made for your research applications.

dNTPs (Deoxynucleotide Triphosphates)

dATP (100 mM) (250 µl)

D1005 by Molecular Biology Products (MBP Inc.) is a 100 mM dATP (deoxyadenosine triphosphate) solution supplied in a 250 µL volume. Ready for direct use in PCR, RT-PCR, nucleotide mix preparation, library preparation, and other molecular biology applications requiring individual dNTP components at a defined molar concentration.

Concentration

dCTP (100 mM) (250 µl)

D1020 by Zymo Research is 100 mM dCTP solution (250 µl, 25 µmol) with >99% trisphosphate purity by HPLC, free of nuclease and phosphatase contaminants. Use 0.5 µl per 50 µl PCR reaction for a 0.25 mM final concentration; compatible with ZymoTaq™ and other standard DNA polymerases. Store at -20°C (12-month guarantee) or -80°C for extended periods. MBP is a registered vendor for Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Vanderbilt University, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Eurofins, and many other institutes across the USA.

dGTP (100 mM) (250 µl)

C2011-2 by Zymo Research — 2-pack of Air Permeable Sealing Covers for 96-well microcentrifuge spin-column and collection plates. Allows gas exchange while preventing cross-contamination and reducing evaporation during incubation steps. Compatible with Zymo-Spin I-96-XL Plates (C2010). Also available in 4-pack (C2011-4) and 8-pack (C2011-8).

<h2>What Are Zymo Research Buffers?</h2>
Zymo Research buffers are formulation-specific reagents used at defined steps &mdash; lysis, binding, wash, and elution &mdash; in Zymo-Spin column-based purification protocols for DNA, RNA, and bisulfite-converted DNA. Each buffer is optimized for a specific kit family: DNA Wash Buffer concentrate (requires ethanol addition before use) removes salts and contaminants before elution from Zymo-Spin silica columns; DNA Elution Buffer (10 mM Tris, pH 8.5, 0.1 mM EDTA) releases purified DNA from the matrix; RNA Wash Buffer supports RNA extraction kits including Quick-RNA and Direct-zol lines; M-Elution Buffer is designed for eluting bisulfite-converted DNA in EZ DNA Methylation kits. Researchers typically order these separately when a single buffer component runs out before the rest of the kit, or when scaling up a protocol beyond the volume included.
TL;DR: Order Zymo buffers individually to replenish a specific step in your existing Zymo workflow without replacing the full kit.
<h2>How to Choose Zymo Research Buffers</h2>
<h3>Match the buffer to your kit family</h3>
Every Zymo buffer is paired to a specific kit line. DNA Wash Buffer and DNA/RNA Wash Buffer concentrate are used in DNA Clean &amp; Concentrator, Quick-DNA, and Zymoclean Gel DNA Recovery kits. RNA Wash Buffer pairs with Quick-RNA kits. ZymoBIOMICS DNA Wash Buffer 1 and Wash Buffer 2 are specific to the ZymoBIOMICS microbiomics line. Substituting a buffer from a different kit family can compromise yield or purity.
<h3>Confirm ethanol addition requirements before use</h3>
Several Zymo wash buffer concentrates require addition of 96-100% ethanol to the bottle before first use &mdash; the label states the exact volume. DNA Wash Buffer concentrate, DNA/RNA Wash Buffer concentrate, and Urine DNA Wash Buffer concentrate all require this step. Pre-made (non-concentrate) versions such as RNA Wash Buffer are supplied ready to use.
<h3>Select the right volume for your throughput</h3>
Zymo buffers are available in sizes from 6 ml (single-experiment replenishment) up to 500 ml (Buffer P1 Red, for high-volume plasmid prep labs). For labs processing more than 50 samples per week, ordering the largest available size reduces per-sample cost and the frequency of reordering.
<h3>Choose elution buffer chemistry based on downstream application</h3>
DNA Elution Buffer (10 mM Tris pH 8.5, 0.1 mM EDTA) is the standard for most PCR and sequencing applications. For applications sensitive to EDTA &mdash; such as some restriction enzyme digests or direct use with divalent cation-dependent enzymes &mdash; eluting in molecular-grade water or a Tris-only buffer is preferable. M-Elution Buffer is specifically formulated for bisulfite-converted DNA and should not be substituted with standard elution buffer in methylation workflows.
<h3>Verify research-use-only status</h3>
All Zymo Research buffers sold through MBP are for research use only (RUO). They are not cleared for in vitro diagnostic use. For clinical or diagnostic laboratory applications, confirm regulatory status with your institutional compliance officer before use.
<h2>Compare Zymo Buffer Types</h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Buffer Type</th>
<th>Primary Application</th>
<th>Kit Family</th>
<th>Format Available</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>DNA Wash Buffer (concentrate)</td>
<td>Salt removal before DNA elution</td>
<td>DNA Clean &amp; Concentrator, Quick-DNA</td>
<td>6 ml &ndash; 200 ml</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DNA/RNA Wash Buffer (concentrate)</td>
<td>Salt removal for dual DNA/RNA preps</td>
<td>Quick-DNA/RNA kits</td>
<td>6 ml &ndash; 200 ml</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DNA Elution Buffer (10 mM Tris pH 8.5, 0.1 mM EDTA)</td>
<td>DNA release from silica column</td>
<td>All Zymo DNA purification</td>
<td>16 ml &ndash; available sizes vary</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>RNA Wash Buffer</td>
<td>RNA purification wash step</td>
<td>Quick-RNA kits</td>
<td>Ready-to-use</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>M-Elution Buffer</td>
<td>Elution of bisulfite-converted DNA</td>
<td>EZ DNA Methylation kit families</td>
<td>Small volume</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ZymoBIOMICS DNA Wash Buffer 2</td>
<td>Metagenomic/microbiomic DNA cleanup</td>
<td>ZymoBIOMICS DNA kits</td>
<td>Sold separately</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Buffer P1 Red</td>
<td>Alkaline lysis resuspension (plasmid prep)</td>
<td>Zyppy Plasmid Miniprep</td>
<td>10 ml &ndash; 500 ml</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2>Specifications Context</h2>
Zymo wash buffer concentrates are supplied at a defined fold-concentration (commonly 4x or 6x) and require ethanol addition to reach working strength &mdash; the exact ratio is printed on the bottle and in the kit protocol. Elution buffer volumes for Zymo-Spin columns typically range from 6 to 100 &micro;l per elution; larger elution volumes improve total yield at the cost of DNA concentration. For DNA elution from Zymo-Spin columns, the protocol recommends a minimum 1-minute contact time between elution buffer and the silica matrix to maximize recovery of fragments 10 kb and above. As of 2025, Zymo Research tests all buffer lots for performance consistency, with integrity guaranteed for up to one year from purchase date.
Browse the full <a href="https://www.notion.so/reagents">Zymo Research reagents collection at MBP</a> for kits and columns that use these buffers, or visit our <a href="https://www.notion.so/reagents/buffers">reagent buffers category</a> for non-Zymo buffer options including ABM and other brands. For volume orders or purchase orders, use the <a href="https://www.notion.so/quickorder">Quick Order</a> tool or <a href="https://www.notion.so/contact-us">contact us</a> directly &mdash; MBP is a registered vendor for institutional procurement systems.
Last updated: June 2025
&nbsp;

Zymo Buffers

Direct-zol DNA Wash

Direct-zol DNA Wash replacement components by Zymo Research — available as DNA Wash 1 Concentrate (R2080-1-24, 24 ml), DNA Wash 2 (R2080-2-40, 40 ml), and DNA Elution Buffer (R2080-3-4, 4 ml) — are designed for use with Direct-zol™ DNA/RNA kits. Made in the USA. Suited to high-throughput nucleic acid purification labs requiring individual buffer replenishment.

Direct-zol™ DNA Wash 1 (Concentrate) (24 ml)

Direct-zol™ DNA Wash 2 (40 ml)

Direct-zol™ DNA Elution Buffer (4 ml)

<h2>What Are Spin-Column Total RNA Kits?</h2>
&nbsp;
Spin-column total RNA kits are the most widely used format for manual RNA purification in molecular biology laboratories. The technology relies on silica membrane chemistry: under chaotropic (guanidinium-based) lysis conditions, RNA adsorbs selectively to the silica membrane of the column; sequential ethanol-based wash steps remove proteins, salts, and gDNA fragments; and a low-ionic-strength buffer or RNase-free water then releases the purified RNA. Standard mini-format kits accept cell or tissue lysate from inputs of 1x10^4-1x10^7 cells or 5-100 mg tissue, bind up to 100 ug RNA, and complete the protocol in 15-30 minutes. The eluted RNA is suitable for RT-PCR, qRT-PCR, RNA sequencing, Northern blot, and hybridization without additional cleanup.&nbsp;Spin-column RNA kits are the default choice for 1-24 samples per run in any lab that does not require automated magnetic-bead processing.
&nbsp;
<h2 dir="ltr">What you will find:</h2>
&nbsp;
<ul>
<li dir="ltr" aria-level="1">
Quick-RNA Microprep and Miniprep Kits for low-volume elution and highly concentrated recovery, providing ultra-clean and phenol-free transcript isolation
</li>
<li dir="ltr" aria-level="1">
Direct-zol&trade; RNA Kits to bypass tedious phase separation steps, allowing researchers to pump TRIzol-lysed samples directly into spin-columns&nbsp;
</li>
<li dir="ltr" aria-level="1">
Direct-zol&trade; DNA/RNA Parallel Modules are engineered for the non-destructive, simultaneous isolation of DNA and RNA fractions.
</li>
<li dir="ltr" aria-level="1">
ZymoBIOMICS&trade; RNA Mini Kits for uniform microbial profiling featuring host-zeroing lysis mechanics
</li>
<li dir="ltr" aria-level="1">
Quick-RNA&trade; Midiprep Assemblies to capture larger quantities of high-purity total transcripts efficiently, tailored for bulk processing&nbsp;
</li>
</ul>
&nbsp;
<h2>How to Choose Spin-Column Total RNA Kits</h2>
&nbsp;
Column Binding Capacity and Elution Volume
Mini-format columns bind up to 100 ug total RNA and elute in 10-100 uL. For samples with very low RNA content (needle biopsies, laser-capture microdissection sections, small cell numbers &lt;=10^4), choose micro-format columns with 8-12 uL minimum elution volume to maximize concentration. Eluting in &lt;30 uL with high RNA concentration increases sensitivity in downstream RT-qPCR.
Small RNA Retention
This is the most important differentiator between kit brands. Kits using Zymo-Spin column technology with proprietary binding buffers retain miRNA and small RNA species &gt;=17 nt in the total RNA fraction. Competing kits using standard high-ethanol wash chemistry typically lose RNA &lt;200 nt in the wash steps. If your workflow includes small RNA profiling, miRNA RT-qPCR, or small RNA-seq, verify that the kit retains &gt;=17 nt RNA before purchasing.
On-Column DNase Treatment
Included RNase-free DNase I that degrades gDNA on the column during the wash stage eliminates the need for post-elution DNase treatment. This matters for RT-qPCR with primers spanning a small intron, or for RNA-seq where even trace gDNA contamination generates false mapping reads. DNase-treated RNA typically passes a no-RT PCR control at Ct &gt;35.
Sample Type: Cells vs Tissue
Cell lysis buffer volumes and homogenization requirements differ by sample type. Cultured cells lyse directly in lysis buffer with vortexing; tissue samples require homogenization to disrupt cell structure before contact with the lysis buffer. For fibrous tissues (muscle, heart), use a bead-mill homogenizer or rotor-stator; for soft tissues (liver, brain), a disposable pestle or needle shearing is sufficient. Some kits include TissueLyser-compatible bead tubes or QIAshredder-equivalent homogenizer columns.
&nbsp;
<h2>Specifications Context</h2>
&nbsp;
Spin-column total RNA purity targets: A260/A280 ratio 1.8-2.1; A260/A230 ratio &gt;1.8. RNA integrity number (RIN) from fresh cultured cells or snap-frozen tissue is routinely 8-10 with validated kits. Zymo Research Quick-RNA Mini and Miniprep kits are among the most cited spin-column RNA isolation kits in published RT-PCR and RNA-seq methods; ABM RNA extraction kits offer validated protocols for bacteria, yeast, and fungi not covered by many standard cell/tissue kits. All kits supplied by MBP are Research Use Only (RUO).
<section class="mbp-contact-cta">
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MBP's specialist team can help match kit chemistry, format, and throughput to your sample type and downstream application.&nbsp;<a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">Contact the MBP team</a> for personalized guidance.
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Spin-column

DataSheet

Direct-zol RNA Microprep Kits

The Direct-zol RNA Microprep Kit by Zymo Research purifies total RNA, including miRNA (17 nt and above), directly from TRIzol® and equivalent lysis reagents without phase separation, in approximately 7 minutes. Elution volumes as low as 6 µl and RNA quality of A260/A280 &gt;1.8 support sensitive downstream assays. Available as R2060 (50 preps), R2061 (50 preps with TRI Reagent 50 ml), R2062 (200 preps), and R2063 (200 preps with TRI Reagent 200 ml).

Compatibility

Equipment

Sample Inactivation

Sample Source

Size Range

Yield

Direct-zol™ RNA MicroPrep (50 Preps.)

Direct-zol™ RNA MicroPrep (50 Preps.) R2061-A and R2050-1-50

Direct-zol™ RNA MicroPrep (200 Preps.)

Direct-zol™ RNA MicroPrep w/TRI Reagent® (200 Preps.) R2063-A and R2050-1-200

R2070-MSDS

Direct-zol RNA Miniprep Plus Kits

Direct-zol RNA Miniprep Plus Kits by Zymo Research purify total RNA (≥17 nt, up to 100 µg) directly from TRIzol or TRI Reagent in ~7 minutes with on-column DNase I digestion and OD 260/280 purity greater than 1.8. Compatible with animal cells, bacteria, tissue, yeast, and biological fluids. Available in 10 (R2070T), 50 (R2070), or 200 (R2072) preps; TRI Reagent bundles also available at 50 (R2071) and 200 (R2073) preps.