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<h2 data-section-id="pdko8n" data-start="0" data-end="50">What are recombinant proteins for cell culture?</h2>
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Recombinant proteins for cell culture are biologically active growth factors, cytokines, and signaling molecules produced using recombinant DNA technology to control specific cellular functions in vitro. Growth factors such as FGF (fibroblast growth factor), EGF (epidermal growth factor), and TGF-&beta; (transforming growth factor beta) regulate cell growth, proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Cytokines including IL-2, IL-7, IL-15, and IL-21 influence immune cell activation, expansion, and function. These proteins are widely used in serum-free and chemically defined media, stem cell and iPSC culture, immune cell expansion, organoid development, hybridoma production, and cell and gene therapy workflows where precise control over cellular signaling is required.
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<h2 dir="ltr">What you will find:</h2>
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<ul>
<li>Includes cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and signaling proteins to support proliferation, differentiation, and maintenance of&nbsp;mammalian cells</li>
<li>Rat, human, and mouse recombinant proteins compatible with translational research models and diverse mammalian cell culture&nbsp;</li>
<li>Optimizing cell metabolic activity, signalling pathways, and experimental reproducibility in vitro using recombinant proteins&nbsp;</li>
<li>Suitable for organoid development, expansion of cells, activation of immune cells, neuronal studies, and protein expression workflow optimization.</li>
</ul>
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<h2 data-section-id="4x59d8" data-start="1050" data-end="1118">How to choose recombinant proteins, cytokines, and growth factors</h2>
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Quality grade: RUO vs. preclinical vs. GMP
Research-use-only (RUO) proteins are suitable for most academic and industrial research applications. Preclinical-grade proteins provide enhanced documentation and quality control for studies supporting clinical development. GMP-grade proteins are manufactured under controlled quality systems with complete traceability and lot-to-lot bioactivity verification, making them appropriate for cell therapy, gene therapy, and other regulated applications.
Expression system and post-translational modifications
The production system can significantly affect protein activity. HEK293 and other mammalian expression systems preserve native human post-translational modifications such as glycosylation and phosphorylation, which are often necessary for full biological function. Bacterial expression systems such as E. coli may offer lower cost and higher yields but cannot reproduce many of these modifications.
Carrier-free formulation
Carrier-free recombinant proteins are formulated without stabilizing proteins such as bovine serum albumin (BSA). This eliminates potential experimental interference from carrier proteins and supports serum-free, animal-component-free, and GMP-compatible workflows. Carrier-free formulations are especially important when studying sensitive signaling pathways or developing clinical manufacturing processes.
Endotoxin level and purity
Endotoxins can stimulate inflammatory responses and alter cell behavior, particularly in immune cell cultures. For T-cell expansion, stem cell culture, and other sensitive applications, low-endotoxin or endotoxin-free proteins with documented purity above 95% are preferred to ensure reproducible results.
Stability format: standard vs. thermostable
Standard recombinant proteins gradually lose activity during prolonged incubation at 37&deg;C. Thermostable variants, such as engineered FGF2 formulations, maintain biological activity for longer periods and reduce the need for frequent media supplementation. These products can improve workflow efficiency in stem cell maintenance and differentiation protocols.
Storage and reconstitution
Lyophilized recombinant proteins offer extended shelf life and are typically stored frozen until use. After reconstitution, proteins should be aliquoted into single-use portions whenever possible to minimize repeated freeze-thaw cycles that can reduce activity. Proper storage conditions vary by product and should follow the manufacturer's recommendations.
<h2 data-section-id="rxnuuy" data-start="3659" data-end="3704">&nbsp;</h2>
<h2 data-section-id="1fljvas" data-start="4451" data-end="4476">Specifications context</h2>
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Modern recombinant cytokines and growth factors are available in a wide range of formats including carrier-free, low-endotoxin, animal-component-free, and GMP-grade formulations. Many GMP-grade cytokines such as IL-2, IL-7, IL-15, and IL-21 undergo lot-specific bioactivity testing using validated reference standards to ensure consistent biological performance. Mammalian-cell-expressed proteins are increasingly preferred for applications requiring native structure and maximum biological activity.
As of 2026, carrier-free, low-endotoxin recombinant proteins produced in mammalian expression systems have become the preferred choice for stem cell culture, immune cell expansion, organoid development, and advanced biomanufacturing workflows.
For basal media used alongside recombinant proteins, see Classic Media. For additional supplementation reagents, see Cell Culture Supplements &amp; Additives. Browse Mammalian Cell Culture for the broader category.
<a href="https://mbpinc.net/contact-us">Contact the expert team</a> at MBP today and get optimized recombinant proteins for your lab.

Recombinant Proteins

MSDS

Growth Factor-eFlyer

Growth Factors and Cytokines-Brochure

Growth Factors and Cytokines-FAQ

Role of Growth Factors in Cell Differentiation-Poster

Recombinant Mouse MEC (CCL28)

Recombinant Mouse MEC (CCL28), Z200335 by ABM. Source: Mus musculus; expressed in E. coli; 12 kDa; &gt;95% purity; tag-free. Functional at 2–10 ng/mL (lymphocyte chemotaxis). Lyophilized in PBS pH 7.4. For mucosal immunity and IgA plasma cell homing research.

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Recombinant Mouse MEC (CCL28), 20 µg

Recombinant Mouse MEC (CCL28), 1.0 mg

Recombinant Mouse MIF

Recombinant Mouse MIF (Z200295) by ABM — 15 kDa, E. coli, Mouse (M. musculus), &gt;95% purity, tag-free. HTB9 proliferation ED50 &lt;0.5 ng/mL for innate immunity and tumor inflammation research.

Recombinant Mouse MIF, 25 µg

Recombinant Mouse MIF, 100 µg

Recombinant Mouse MIF, 1.0 mg

Recombinant Mouse MIP-1 gamma (CCL9)

Recombinant Mouse MIP-1 gamma (CCL9) by Applied Biological Materials (ABM) is a tag-free, E. coli-expressed chemokine (12 kDa, &gt;95% SDS-PAGE purity, &lt;1.0 EU/µg endotoxin), lyophilized from PBS. Chemoattracts human neutrophils at 1–10 ng/mL via CCR1/CCR3. UniProt P51670. Available in 20 µg and 1 mg formats.

Recombinant Mouse MIP-1 gamma (CCL9), 20 µg

Recombinant Mouse MIP-1 gamma (CCL9), 1.0 mg

Flyer

Brochure

Recombinant Mouse MIP-3  (CCL19)

Recombinant Mouse MIP-3 beta (CCL19) by Applied Biological Materials — E. coli-expressed CC chemokine with &gt;95% purity, endotoxin &lt;1.0 EU/µg, and confirmed chemoattractive activity toward human dendritic cells at 10–50 ng/mL. Available in multiple sizes.

Recombinant Mouse MIP-3  (CCL19), 20 µg

Recombinant Mouse MIP-3 (CCL19), 1.0 mg

Recombinant Mouse Noggin  (NOG)

Z200235 by Applied Biological Materials (ABM) is a recombinant mouse Noggin (NOG) protein expressed in E. coli, 23 kDa, tag-free, with greater than 95% purity by SDS-PAGE and endotoxin below 1.0 EU/µg. Bioactivity confirmed: ED50 ≤2.0 ng/mL in alkaline phosphatase secretion assay in ATDC cells.

Unit Quantity

Recombinant Mouse Prolactin (PRL)

Recombinant Mouse Prolactin Z200495 by ABM: 23 kDa, insect cell expressed, tag-free, >95% SDS-PAGE purity, endotoxin &lt;1.0 EU/µg (LAL). Lyophilized from 20 mM Tris/0.5 M NaCl pH 7.4 with 5% trehalose/10% glycerol. 10 µg lyophilized. UniProt P06879. Bioactivity via Nb2 cell proliferation assay.

Recombinant Mouse SHH

Recombinant Mouse SHH — Z200615 by Applied Biological Materials. E. coli-expressed, tag-free, non-glycosylated, &gt;95% pure by SDS-PAGE, 19.8 kDa, endotoxin &lt;1.0 EU/µg. Induces alkaline phosphatase in mouse myoblasts at 500 ng–3 µg/mL. Available in 25 µg, 250 µg, and 1.0 mg.

Recombinant Mouse SHH, 20 µg

Recombinant Mouse SHH, 250 µg

Recombinant Mouse SHH, 1.0 mg

Recombinant Mouse SR-PSOX  (CXCL16)

Recombinant Mouse SR-PSOX (CXCL16) — Z200365 by Applied Biological Materials. E. coli-expressed, &gt;95% pure by SDS-PAGE, 20 kDa, endotoxin &lt;1.0 EU/µg. CXCR6 ligand; chemoattracts mouse lymphocytes at 2.0–40.0 ng/mL. Available in 25 µg and 1.0 mg.

Recombinant Mouse SR-PSOX  (CXCL16), 25 µg

Recombinant Mouse SR-PSOX (CXCL16), 1.0 mg

Recombinant Mouse Stem Cell Factor (KITLG)

Z200505 by Applied Biological Materials is Recombinant Mouse Stem Cell Factor (SCF/KITLG), a CHO-expressed 18 kDa glycoprotein with &gt;95% purity, endotoxin &lt;1.0 EU/µg, and bioactivity confirmed at &lt;2.0 ng/mL in TF-1 cell proliferation — used for HSPC expansion, mast cell research, and c-Kit signaling studies. 100 µg.

Recombinant Mouse Stem Cell Factor (KITLG/SCF) by Applied Biological Materials (ABM) is a tag-free, E. coli-expressed cytokine (18.9 kDa, ≥95% SDS-PAGE purity, &lt;1.0 EU/µg endotoxin, ED50 &lt;2.0 ng/mL in TF-1 assay), lyophilized from Tris/NaCl pH 8.0 — used for murine HSC expansion, mast cell differentiation, and c-Kit signaling research. Available in 10 µg, 100 µg, and 1 mg formats.

Recombinant Mouse Stem Cell Factor (KITLG), 10 µg

Recombinant Mouse Stem Cell Factor (KITLG), 100 µg

Recombinant Mouse Stem Cell Factor (KITLG), 1.0 mg

Recombinant Mouse THPO

Recombinant Mouse THPO by ABM: 19 kDa E. coli-expressed thrombopoietin (TPO), &gt;95% purity by SDS-PAGE, &lt;1.0 EU/µg endotoxin. Bioactivity ED50 &lt;1.0 ng/mL (MO7e cell proliferation). Supports megakaryocyte differentiation, platelet biology, HSC self-renewal, and c-Mpl/JAK2/STAT5 signaling research. Research use only.

Recombinant Mouse THPO, 10 µg

Recombinant Mouse THPO , 1.0 mg

Recombinant Mouse TNF

Recombinant Mouse TNF (TNF-alpha) Z200215 by ABM—tag-free, E. coli-expressed, 17 kDa, &gt;95% purity, specific activity ≥3.0 × 10⁷ units/mg, ED50 ≤0.05 ng/mL. Available from MBP INC.